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PG3 ColdFire System Design

This course has been designed for developers involved in a ColdFire development who want to understand generic mechanisms

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Objectives
  • This course explains the objectives of mechanisms used to boost the performance and the way they are implemented in various ColdFires: cache / cache coherency, pipeline, MMU, exceptions.
  • This gives to the attendees a wider overview of the state of the art in these domains.
  • The course details the instructions required to write program in supervisor mode to adapt the behaviour of the core to specific needs.
  • A tutorial is used to quickly understand PowerPC low level programming.
  • It clarifies the use of sections required for good management of caches and memory
  • Task switch requirements are highlighted.
  • Debug facilities implemented in ColdFires (hardware breakpoints, real-time trace, watchpoints) are studied through the use of Metrowerks debugger.
A lot of programming examples have been developed by ACSYS to explain the ColdFire assembly language.
•  They have been developed with Metrowerks compiler and are executed under CodeWarrior debugger.
A more detailed course description is available on request at training@ac6-training.com
  • A basic understanding of processor / DSP is recommended.
  • Theoretical course
    • PDF course material (in English) supplemented by a printed version for face-to-face courses.
    • Online courses are dispensed using the Teams video-conferencing system.
    • The trainer answers trainees' questions during the training and provide technical and pedagogical assistance.
  • At the start of each session the trainer will interact with the trainees to ensure the course fits their expectations and correct if needed
  • Any embedded systems engineer or technician with the above prerequisites.
  • The prerequisites indicated above are assessed before the training by the technical supervision of the traineein his company, or by the trainee himself in the exceptional case of an individual trainee.
  • Trainee progress is assessed by quizzes offered at the end of various sections to verify that the trainees have assimilated the points presented
  • At the end of the training, each trainee receives a certificate attesting that they have successfully completed the course.
    • In the event of a problem, discovered during the course, due to a lack of prerequisites by the trainee a different or additional training is offered to them, generally to reinforce their prerequisites,in agreement with their company manager if applicable.

Course Outline

  • ColdFire core versions : V2, V2E, V3, V4, V4E
  • Register set, data, address and control registers
  • Data type instantiation for ColdFire
  • Pointers management (Addressing modes)
  • User and supervisor functions call and return (EABI, C-to-assembly interface)
  • Sections, benefits of small data sections
  • Locating code and data in memory , linker command file
  • Reset, what is to be done before calling the main() : Cstart program
  • Explaining the difference between V2, V3 and V4 pipelines
  • Mechanisms used to boost performance : branch prediction, branch target address cache
  • Guidelines to optimize execution time
  • Serializations, nop instruction, determining when this instruction is really required
  • Highlighting the frequency domains present in ColdFires : core and bus interface
  • Decoupling the core from cache and bus through load and store buffers
  • Enforcing the completion of commited store transactions through nop instruction
  • Consequence for high level development of IO drivers
  • How to make bus errors recoverable
  • Requirements for kernels enabling dynamic memory mapping
  • Single process multi-thread versus multiprocess multi-thread kernels
  • Objectives of the MMU : page protection, definition of page attribute, address translation
  • Page translation
  • Table search mechanisms : benefits of a software table search
  • Operation of TLB caches
  • TLB programming, static initialization
  • Introduction to cache memory
  • Cache organization
  • Write policies
  • Replacement algorithms, LRU, PLRU, FIFO
  • Data flow between external main memory, L1 and load / store unit
  • Distinguishing private memory that is accessed only by the core and shared memory that can be accessed by the core and other masters (DMA or CPU)
  • Software enforced coherency
  • Software exceptions vs interrupts
  • Format of the exception stack frame
  • Vector table operation
  • Development of basic functions that get or set a vector
  • Requirements for interrupt nesting
  • Management of boolean semaphores
  • Stack switch
  • Definition of the set of registers that determine the stack state
  • Management of task lists
  • On-chip debug logic
  • How it communicates with the debug station : BDM connection
  • Hardware breakpoints
  • Real-time trace
  • Debugging software when caches are active