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ac6 >> ac6-training >> Operating Systems >> Linux >> Yocto Project Development Download Catalog Download as PDF Write us Printable version

Y1 Yocto Project Development

Building a Linux Embedded image using Yocto

Building a Linux Embedded image using Yocto
formateur
Objectives
  • Using and customizing Yocto
  • Creating Yocto-based Embedded Linux platforms
  • Using Yocto to develop components
We use a recent Yocto version
Labs are conducted on qemu or on target boards, that can be:
    Dual Cortex/A7-based "STM32MP15-DISCO" boards from STMicroelectronics.
    Quad Cortex/A9-based "SabreLite" boards from NXP.
    Quad Cortex/A53-based "imx8q-evk" boards from NXP.
Prerequisite
Course environment
  • Printed course material (in English)
  • One Linux PC for two trainees.
  • One target platform for two trainees

First Day
Introduction to Yocto
  • Overview of Yocto
    • History
    • Yocto, Open Embedded and Poky
    • Purpose of the Yocto project
    • The main projects
  • Yocto architecture
    • Overview
    • Recipes and classes
    • Tasks
Exercise:  Setting up the labs environment
The Yocto build system
  • Build system objectives
    • Building deployable images
Exercise:  Building a root file system using Yocto
  • Build system architecture
    • Layers and layer priorities
    • Directory layout
    • Configuration files
      • Local
      • Machine
      • Distro
    • The bitbake tool
    • Common options
  • Using Yocto
    • The bitbake tool
      • Common options
      • Base commands
    • Building a package
    • Building an image (root file system + u-boot + kernel)
Exercise:  Use bitbake commands to build packages and images
  • Miscellaneous tools around Yocto
    • Yocto Application Development Toolkit (ADT)
    • Toaster
Exercise:  Deploy the generated image
Yocto recipes structure
  • Recipe architecture
    • Tasks
    • Task dependencies
    • Recipe dependencies
  • The bitbake language
    • Standard variables and functions
    • Classes and recipes
    • The base Yocto classes
    • Main bitbake commands
Exercise:  Examine and understand real-life configuration files
Second Day
Writing package recipes for Yocto
  • Various kind of recipes and classes
    • bare program
    • Makefile-based package
    • autotools-based package
    • u-boot
    • kernel
    • out-of-tree module
  • Recipe creation strategies
    • From scratch
    • Using devtool
    • Using recipetool
    • From an existing, similar, recipe
Exercise:  Writing a recipe for a local user-maintained package
Exercise:  Writing a recipe for a local out-of-tree module
  • Debugging recipes
    • Debugging recipe selection
    • Debugging dependencies
    • debugging tasks
Exercise:  Writing and debugging a recipe for an autotools, git-maintained, package
  • Defining packaging
    • Package splitting
Exercise:  Writing and debugging a recipe for an autotools library package
  • Automatically starting a program (class update-rc.d)
Exercise:  Starting an ssh daemon on the target
Modifying recipes
  • Customizing an existing package recipe (.bbappend)
  • Recipe dependencies
  • Creating and adding patches
    • Creating a patch for a community-provided component
    • Creating a patch for an user-maintained component
Exercise:  Adding patches and dependencies to a community package
  • Defining new tasks
    • Task declaration
    • Coding tasks
Exercise:  Adding a rootfsinstall task to directly copy the output of an user package in the rootfs image
Development process using the extensible SDK and devtool
  • Using devtool to create a package and its recipe
  • Using devtool to modify an existing package and recipe
  • Using devtool to update a recipe to build a new version of a package
Exercise:  Create, test and modify a recipe for an existing package using devtool
Third Day
Creating new kinds of recipes
  • Creating classes
    • Creating new, independent, classes
    • Inheriting from an existing class
Exercise:  Create a class to generalize the “rootfsinstall” task
Exercise:  Create a class to build firmware packages (for example using an MCU toolchain)
Creating a root file system
  • Building a root file system with Yocto
    • Creating a custom root file system
  • Writing an image recipe
    • Selecting the packages to build
    • Selecting the file system types
    • The various kinds of images
  • Inheriting and customizing images
    • Customizing system configuration files (network, mount points, …)
Exercise:  Writing and building an image recipe
Exercise:  Creating a JFFS2, UBIFS or EXT2 image with Yocto
  • Package management
    • rpm
    • opkg
Exercise:  Create an image with package support for OTA deployment
Exercise:  Test OTA update on the generated image
Writing tasks in Python
  • Introduction to python
  • Using python in Yocto
    • The main bitbake classes
    • Defining variable values in Python
    • Writing tasks in Python
Exercise:  Writing a task and customizing a recipe in Python