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ac6 >> ac6-training >> Processors >> ARM Cores >> Cortex-A5 implementation

RA0 Cortex-A5 implementation

This course covers the ARM Cortex-A5 CPU

OBJECTIVES

This course is split into 3 important parts:

Cortex-A5 architecture
Cortex-A5 software implementation and debug
Cortex-A5 hardware implementation.

MMU operation under Linux is described.
Interaction between level 1 caches, level 2 cache and main memory is studied through sequences.
The exception mechanism is detailed, indicating how virtualization enables the support of several operating systems.
The course also details the hardware implementation and provides some guidelines to design a SoC based on Cortex-A5.
An overview of the Coresight specification is provided prior to describing the debug related units.
The course explains the mechanisms dedicated to SMP implementation, exclusive resource management, snooping, software generated interrupt.

A more detailed course description is available on request at training@ac6-training.com

PREREQUISITES

Knowledge of ARM7/9 or having attended our course ARM fundamentals.
This course does not include chapters on low level programming.

ACSYS offers a large set of tutorials to become familiar with RVDS, assembly level programming, compiler hints and tips.

More than 12 correct answers to our Cortex-A5 prerequisites questionnaire.

Course Environment

Theoretical course

PDF course material (in English) supplemented by a printed version for face-to-face courses.
Online courses are dispensed using the Teams video-conferencing system.
The trainer answers trainees' questions during the training and provide technical and pedagogical assistance.

At the start of each session the trainer will interact with the trainees to ensure the course fits their expectations and correct if needed

Target Audience

Any embedded systems engineer or technician with the above prerequisites.

Evaluation modalities

The prerequisites indicated above are assessed before the training by the technical supervision of the traineein his company, or by the trainee himself in the exceptional case of an individual trainee.
Trainee progress is assessed by quizzes offered at the end of various sections to verify that the trainees have assimilated the points presented
At the end of the training, each trainee receives a certificate attesting that they have successfully completed the course.

In the event of a problem, discovered during the course, due to a lack of prerequisites by the trainee a different or additional training is offered to them, generally to reinforce their prerequisites,in agreement with their company manager if applicable.

First day

INTRODUCTION TO CORTEX-A5

Cortex-A5 variants: single core vs multicore
The 4 instruction sets
Configurable options

ARM BASICS

States and modes
Exception mechanism
Instruction sets

INSTRUCTION PIPELINE

In-order pipeline operation
Branch prediction mechanism
Return stack

TRUSTZONE

TrustZone conceptual view
Secure to non secure permitted transitions
Memory partitioning
Interrupt management
Boot sequence

INTRODUCTION TO MULTI-CORE SYSTEMS

AMP vs SMP
Boot sequence
Exclusive access monitor
Global monitor
Spin-lock implementation
Using events
Basic concepts of RTOS supporting A5 SMP architecture

Second day

THUMB-2 INSTRUCTION SET (V7-A)

General points on syntax
Branch and control flow instructions
Memory access instructions
Exception generating instructions
If…then conditional blocks
Stack in operation
Interworking ARM and Thumb states

Demonstration of assembly sequences aimed to understand this new instruction set

MEMORY MANAGEMENT UNIT

MMU objectives
Address translation
Page access permission, domain and page protection
Utilization of memory barrier instructions
Format of the external page descriptor table
Tablewalk
TLB organization
Utilization of microTLBs
Abort exception, on-demand page mechanism
MMU maintenance operations
Maintaining coherency of multiple TLBs

LEVEL 1 MEMORY SYSTEM

Cache organization
Supported maintenance operations
Memory hint instructions
Describing transient cache related transactions: line fills and line eviction
64-bit merging store buffer
PMU related events

HARDWARE COHERENCY

Snooping basics
Snoop Control Unit: cache-to-cache transfers
MOESI state machine
Address filtering
Understanding through sequences how data coherency is maintained between L2 memory and L1 caches
Accelerator Coherency Port
Enabling coherency mode

Third day

AMBA 3

Topology
PL301 AXI interconnect
AXI channels, channel handshake
Support for unaligned data transfers
Transaction ordering, out of order transaction completion
Cortex-A5 external memory interface, ID encoding

APB 3

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

Clock domains
Reset domains
Power control, dynamic power management
Wait For Interrupt architecture
Level 2 memory interface
Exclusive L2 cache

PL310 LEVEL 2 CACHE

Cache configurability
Understanding through sequences how cacheable information is copied from memory to level 1 and level 2 caches
Transient operations, utilization of line buffers LFBs, LRBs, EBs and STBs
Cache event monitoring
Describing each maintenance operation
Cache lockdown
Initialization sequence

PERFORMANCE MONITOR

Event counting
Debugging a multi-core system with the assistance of the PMU

Fourth day

INTERRUPT CONTROLLER

Cortex-A5 exception management
Interrupt virtualization
Integrated timer and watchdog unit in MPCore
Interrupt groups: SGI, PPI, SPI, LSPI
Prioritization of the interrupt sources
Distribution of the interrupts to the Cortex-A5 cores
Generation of interrupts by software
Detailing the interrupt sequence, purpose of Interrupt Acknowledge register and End-Of-Interrupt register

LOW POWER MODES

Voltage domains
Communication to the power management controller
Standby and wait for event signals
SCU power status register

CORESIGHT DEBUG UNITS

Benefits of CoreSight
Invasive debug, non-invasive debug, taking into account the secure attribute
Connection to the Debug Access Port
Debug facilities offered by Cortex-A5
Event catching
Debug Communication Channel
ETM interface
Cross-Trigger Interface, debugging a multi-core SoC

This course can be provided either remotely, in our Paris training center or, worldwide, on your premises.

Scheduled classes are confirmed as soon as there is two confirmed bookings. Bookings are accepted until 2 working days before the course start (1 week for face-to-face courses).

To book a training session or for more information, please contact us on info@ac6-training.com.

Registrations are accepted till one week before the start date for scheduled classes. For late registrations, please consult us.

You can also fill and send us the registration form

Last update of course schedule: 6 April 2009

Booking one of our trainings is subject to our General Terms of Sales

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