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FCC4 e6500 implementation

This course covers the e6500 core present in NXP T2 and T4 SoCs

Objectives
  • This course has 6 main objectives:
    • Introducing the hypervisor privilege level, the capability of supporting several guest operating systems, performing load balancing and virtualization.
    • Clarifying the basic mechanisms required in a multicore system: atomic sequences, doorbell interrupts, messaging.
    • Learning the exception mechanism, focusing on the proxy unit and providing guidelines to implement nesting.
    • Explaining the operation and initialization of the MMU and caches.
    • Highlighting the cache and TLB coherency issues and explaining the snooping.
    • Describing the debug units.
A more detailed course description is available on request at training@ac6-training.com
  • Experience of a 32-bit processor or DSP is mandatory.
  • Theoretical course
    • PDF course material (in English) supplemented by a printed version for face-to-face courses.
    • Online courses are dispensed using the Teams video-conferencing system.
    • The trainer answers trainees' questions during the training and provide technical and pedagogical assistance.
  • At the start of each session the trainer will interact with the trainees to ensure the course fits their expectations and correct if needed
  • Any embedded systems engineer or technician with the above prerequisites.
  • The prerequisites indicated above are assessed before the training by the technical supervision of the traineein his company, or by the trainee himself in the exceptional case of an individual trainee.
  • Trainee progress is assessed by quizzes offered at the end of various sections to verify that the trainees have assimilated the points presented
  • At the end of the training, each trainee receives a certificate attesting that they have successfully completed the course.
    • In the event of a problem, discovered during the course, due to a lack of prerequisites by the trainee a different or additional training is offered to them, generally to reinforce their prerequisites,in agreement with their company manager if applicable.

Course Outline

  • New concept of cluster
  • Software compatibility with e500mc and e5500
  • Dual-Threading
  • 64-bit fixed-point arithmetic
  • e6500 hypervisor privilege level
  • Collaboration between guest OS and hypervisor to reload TLBs
  • Messaging within a coherency domain
  • Dual issue, out of order execution
  • Execution model
  • Purpose of the isync instruction
  • Instruction execution time, latency vs repeat rate
  • Branch management
  • Guarded memory
  • Coding guidelines
  • IEEE754 basics
  • FPU operation
  • Fully pipelined FPU
  • Vector vs scalar operation
  • Altivec registers, VSCR initialization
  • VRSAVE use in order no to save / restore all volatile vector registers
  • ANSI C extension to support vector operators
  • Altivec implementation on the e6500 : the VALU and the VPU execution units
  • EABI extension to support Altivec
  • Exception management: building the handler table through IVPR,IVOR registers
  • Finding the exact exception cause through syndrome registers
  • Requirements to support exception nesting
  • Interrupt proxy
  • Multicore exceptions, doorbells and messages
  • Integrated timers, time base, decrementer, FIT and WDT
  • Watchdog service routine
  • Exclusive resource management
  • Implementation of a spin lock routine
  • wait instruction
  • Decorated storage facility
  • Memory barriers
  • Address translation, understanding the interim 86-bit virtual address
  • Process protection through TID
  • Two-level MMU architecture
  • TLB organization
  • Software TLB reload
  • TLB invalidate local instruction
  • Taking benefit of large pages
  • • Virtualization fault
  • • Hardware TLB reload for 4-KB page
  • • TLB parity protection
  • • Logical to Real Address Translation cache
  • Cache basics
  • e6500 L1 cache: Write-Through operation
  • Clustered shared L2 cache
  • Cache related instructions
  • L1 and L2 error checking and correction, error injection
  • Connection to platform PM unit
  • Power states, thread, core and cluster
  • Wait for interrupt instruction
  • Altivec drowsy state
  • Performance monitor
  • Debug interrupt
  • Instruction and data breakpoints, programming address ranges
  • Debug data acquisition message
  • Debug Notify Halt instruction
  • Nexus trace
  • Enabling and disabling ownership trace