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ac6 >> ac6-training >> Online Training >> Languages >> C Language for Embedded MCUs Download Catalog Download as PDF Write us Printable version

oL2 C Language for Embedded MCUs

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Objectives
  • Reviewing the C language standard
  • Putting in evidence the essential C features used in embedded application
  • Discovering the Embedded context through several bare-metal labs running on an QEMU emulated board STM32F4-Discovery (Cortex-M4 core based)
  • Discovering the Debug features
  • Understanding the different steps of a toolchain
  • Understanding how to configure a linker script to place code and data in memory
  • Understanding the Cortex-M4 Application level programmers’ model
  • Reviewing the boot sequence
  • Analyzing the compiler optimization and how to write optimized code
  • Interfacing C and Assembly
  • Learning how to handle interrupts
Labs are conducted on a QEMU-emulated ARM-based board
Prerequisites
  • Knowledge of binary arithmetic
  • Basic knowledge of embedded processors
  • The knowledge of embedded processor philosophy is recommended
Course environment
  • Theoretical course
    • PDF course material (in English)
    • Course dispensed using the Teams video-conferencing system
    • The trainer to answer trainees’ questions during the training and provide technical and pedagogical assistance through the Teams video-conferencing system
    • The trainer may adapt the course content based on the specific requirements of the trainees.
  • Practical activities
    • Practical activities represent from 40% to 50% of course duration
    • One Online Linux PC per trainee for the practical activities
    • The trainer has access to trainees’ Online PCs for technical and pedagogical assistance.
    • Eclipse environment and GCC compiler
    • STM32F4-Discovery, QEMU Emulated, board
    • Downloadable preconfigured virtual machine for post-course practical activities.
Duration
  • Total: 24 hours
  • 4 sessions, 6 hours each (excluding break time)
  • From 40% to 50% of training time is devoted to practical activities
  • Some Labs may be completed between sessions and are checked by the trainer on the next session

First Session
Analyzing the different toolchain elements
  • Using cross compilation
  • Compiler, Assembler and Linker Purpose
  • C source program structure
  • Preprocessor
    • Using cross compilation
    • Compiler, Assembler and Linker Purpose
    • C source program structure
    • Preprocessor
  • Reviewing the different object file sections
  • Library inclusion
  • Startup file
  • GCC compiler options
  • Configuring the linker to place code and data in the memory, executing code from RAM
  • Makefile
Exercise:  Following the different build steps of a simple program
Exercise:  Working with Conditional Compilation
Exercise:  Working with the linker, placing code and data in the memory
Lab Environment
  • Creating a project from scratch
  • Communicating with the Target
  • Debugger Windows : Source (C and Disassembly), Memory, Stack, Variables, Registers
  • Breakpoints
Types and Operators (1st part)
  • Variable storage class (static, automatic, register et extern) with their location and lifetime
  • Local and global variable declaration
  • Scalar types (char, halfword, int, float and double)
  • Constants
  • Strings
Second Session
Types and Operators (2nd part)
  • Variable storage class (static, automatic, register et extern) with their location and lifetime
  • Type conversion, casting
  • The volatile attribute
  • C operators (logical, arithmetical and relational)
  • Operator priority
Exercise:  Working with types and operators
Control structures
  • If/else structure
  • Switch/case structure
  • While, do/while and for loopf
  • Break, continue and go instruction
Exercise:  Working with pointers
Pointers and Arrays
  • Pointer definition
  • Pointer Initialization, pointer access, pointer operations
  • Constant and volatile pointer
  • The restrict attribute
  • One- and Multi-dimensional arrays
  • Array initialization, array access, array operations
  • Pointer array
Exercise:  Working with pointers
Exercise:  Working with arrays
Structures and unions
  • Structure variable declaration
  • Structure variable pointer declaration
  • Structure field access
  • Padding, #pragma pack compilation directive
  • Big and little endian format
  • Bit field structure declaration
  • Modeling peripheral register
  • Structure array
  • Typedef type
  • Enum type
  • Union declaration
  • Union intitialization and operation
Third Session
Functions
  • Function prototype (arguments, return value)
  • Function definition and declaration
  • Function visibility
  • Function pointer
  • Function call
  • Passing parameter
  • Stack operation
  • Stack frame, call stack
  • The recursivity and the stack
  • Macro vs function
  • Pipeline and branch
  • Function inlining
  • Interfacing C and Assembler
Exercise:  Passing parameter to function
Exercise:  Analyzing the stack utilization
Standard library Overview
  • Stdio library
  • Getchar and putchar functions
  • Memcpy function
  • Printf and scanf functions
  • File access function review
Data structures
  • Programming FIFOs
  • Programming Linked list (simple and double)
Exercise:  Working with linked list
Dynamic allocation
  • Dynamic allocation functions: malloc, free function
  • Sizeof operator
  • Dynamic memory allocation vs static memory allocation
  • Stack vs Heap
  • Memory management algorithms overview
    • Buddy System
    • Best fit / First Fit
    • Pools Management
  • Memory management errors
Exercise:  Using dynamic allocation
Fourth Session
Embedded Context
  • Peripheral Programming
  • Peripheral register access and Memory access
  • Signed vs unsigned
  • Memory latency
  • Cache
  • Synchronization
  • Interruption necessity in an embedded context
    • Tail-Chaining
    • Pre-emption (Nesting)
    • NVIC Integrated Interrupt Controller
    • Exception Priority Management
  • Level and pulse triggered interrupts
  • Interrupt clearance
  • Interrupt handler writing
  • Vector table
  • Vector installation
  • System Timer (Systick Timer)
  • Clarifying the boot sequence
  • Debug Interface Ovevriew
Exercise:  Interrupt Management
Compiler Hints and Tips for Cortex-M
  • Compiler optimizations
  • Mixing C and Assembly
  • AAPCS
  • Function inlining
  • Unaligned Accesses, padding
  • Local and global data issues, alignment, Structure