oD1	Embedded Linux

Installing Linux on Embedded Systems

Objectives Understanding the architecture of the Linux system Create and use a cross-development toolchain Learn how to install Linux on your hardware Explore the Linux system architecture Booting Linux Initializing the system Install existing packages on the target Learn how to install Linux on flash chips Labs are conducted QEMU ARM-based board We use a recent version of Kernel

Prerequisite Good C programming skills (see our L2 course) Preferably knowledge of Linux user programming (see our D0 course) Course environment Theoretical course PDF course material (in English) Course dispensed using the Teams video-conferencing system The trainer to answer trainees’ questions during the training and provide technical and pedagogical assistance through the Teams video-conferencing system

Practical activities Practical activities represent from 40% to 50% of course duration One Online Linux PC per trainee for the practical activities The trainer has access to trainees’ Online PCs for technical and pedagogical assistance Downloadable preconfigured virtual machine for post-course practical activities Duration Total: 12 hours 2 sessions, 6 hours each (excluding break time) From 40% to 50% of training time is devoted to practical activities Some Labs may be completed between sessions and are checked by the trainer on the next session

First Session Linux overview Linux History Version management Linux architecture and modularity Linux system components The various licenses used by Linux (GPL, LGPL, etc) Cross compiling toolchains Pre-compiled toolchains Toolchain generation tools Crosstool-ng Buildroot Manual toolchain compilation Exercise:  Creating a toolchain with crosstool-ng Linux tools for embedded systems Bootloaders (UBoot, Redboot, barebox) C libraries (glibc, eglibc, uClibc) Embedded GUIs Busybox Embedded distributions The U-Boot bootloader Introduction to U-Boot Booting the board through U-Boot Booting from NOR Booting from NAND Booting from eMMC Multistage Boot Secure Boot U-Boot environment variables User-defined variables Predefined variables Variables substitution The U-Boot minimal shell U-Boot main commands Booting an OS Accessing flash chips Accessing file systems (NFS, FAT, EXTx, JFFS2…) The full U-Boot shell Script structure Control flow instructions (if, for…) Exercise:  Booting the board on NFS, using pre-existing images Second Session Creating the embedded Linux kernel Downloading stable source code Getting a tarball Using GIT Configuring the kernel Compiling the kernel and its modules Modules delivered in-tree Out-of-tree modules

Installing the kernel and the modules The Linux BSP overview Structure Device Drivers Device Tree Exercise:  Configuring and compiling a target kernel for the target board Creating a root file system Packages Various package build systems (autotools, CMake, …) Cross-compiling a package The all-in-one applications Busybox, the basic utilities Dropbear: encrypted communications (ssh) Manually building your root file system Device nodes, programs and libraries Configuration files (network, udev, …) Installing modules Looking for and installing the needed libraries Testing file system consistency and completeness Exercise:  Configuring and compiling Busybox and Dropbear Exercise:  Creating a minimal root file system using busybox and dropbear The Linux Boot Linux kernel parameters The Linux startup sequence Various initialization systems busybox init system V init systemd Automatically starting an embedded system Exercise:  Boot Linux automatically starts a user application Updating Linux Linux update solutions SWUpdate Mender Appendix Embedded file systems Storage interfaces Block devices MTD Flash memories and Linux MTDs NOR flashes NAND flashes ONENAND flashes The various flash file system formats JFFS2, YAFFS2, UBIFS Read-only file system CRAMFS, SQUASHFS Standard Linux file systems Ext2/3/4, FAT, NFS Ramdisks and initrd Creating an initramfs Booting through an initramfs Choosing the right file system formats Flashing the file system Exercise:  Building an initrd root file system

 

Duration	Cost	Calendar
12 hours	1970 € HT
Last update: 22 March 2021
This course was designed specifically to be provided online, by one of our skilled trainers. Scheduled classes are confirmed as soon as there is a confirmed booking.
A version tailored for face-to-face delivery is available under reference D1 - Embedded Linux with Buildroot and Yocto
Next Scheduled Open Courses
From 1 to 2 June 2023	-	Online EurAsia (9h-16h CET)
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